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Potato problems & the best medicine

Pick your crop, match the problem you see, and get the best medicine with its dose per tank.

  1. 1 Pick your crop
  2. 2 Match the problem
  3. 3 Buy & spray

Which crop has the problem?

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Paddy: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Insect / caterpillar

Stem borer & leaf folder

सुंडी / गोभ सूखना

How to spot it: The centre shoot dries (dead heart) and ears come out white and empty. Leaves are folded with white streaks.

★ Best medicine

Coragen (FMC)

Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC

5 ml

per 15 L tank

60 ml per acre

Also works: Ferterra granules (FMC)

Buy online / See price – Coragen (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix
Fungus / disease

Blast & sheath blight

झुलसा / गर्दन तोड़

How to spot it: Eye-shaped grey spots with brown edges on leaves. The neck of the ear turns black and breaks.

★ Best medicine

Nativo (Bayer)

Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG

6 g

per 15 L tank

80 g per acre

Also works: Beam (Tricyclazole 75% WP)

Buy online / See price – Nativo (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix
Sucking pest

Brown plant hopper (BPH)

माहू / गोल घेरे में सूखना

How to spot it: Plants dry in round patches (hopper burn). Brown hoppers sit at the base of the stems.

★ Best medicine

Chess (Syngenta)

Pymetrozine 50% WG

9 g

per 15 L tank

120 g per acre – spray at the base of plants

Also works: Pexalon (Corteva)

Buy online / See price – Chess (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Tomato: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Fungus / disease

Early & late blight

पत्तियों पर धब्बे / कालापन

How to spot it: Brown-black spots with rings on leaves. In cloudy weather leaves and stems turn black and dry fast.

★ Best medicine

Ridomil Gold (Syngenta)

Metalaxyl-M 4% + Mancozeb 64% WG

30–40 g

per 15 L tank

Also works: Saaf (UPL)

Buy online / See price – Ridomil Gold (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Chilli: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Potato: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Fungus / disease

Late blight

झुलसा / पत्ते काले पड़ना

How to spot it: Dark, water-soaked patches on leaf edges with white growth underneath in the morning. A whole field can blacken in a few days.

★ Best medicine

Ridomil Gold (Syngenta)

Metalaxyl-M 4% + Mancozeb 64% WG

30–40 g

per 15 L tank

Also works: Curzate M8 (Corteva)

Buy online / See price – Ridomil Gold (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Wheat: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Weed

Phalaris (little seed canary grass)

गेहूं का मामा / कनकी

How to spot it: A grass weed that looks like wheat but has a reddish base and lighter green leaves. Spray 30–35 days after sowing.

★ Best medicine

Topik (Syngenta)

Clodinafop-propargyl 15% WP

16 g

per 15 L tank

160 g per acre in 150 L water (flat-fan nozzle)

Buy online / See price – Topik (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Cotton: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Mango: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Sucking pest

Mango hopper

मधुआ / बौर झड़ना

How to spot it: Flowers (bour) dry and drop. Leaves get sticky with honeydew and turn black with sooty mould.

★ Best medicine

Confidor (Bayer)

Imidacloprid 17.8% SL

4–5 ml

per 15 L tank

Spray when the bour comes out, before flowers open

Buy online / See price – Confidor (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Banana: common problems & best medicine

2 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Fungus / disease

Sigatoka leaf spot

पत्ते किनारे से सूखना

How to spot it: Yellow streaks on leaves turn into brown-black spots, and leaves dry from the edges.

★ Best medicine

Tilt (Syngenta)

Propiconazole 25% EC

15 ml

per 15 L tank

Add a sticker; cut and burn badly spotted leaves

Buy online / See price – Tilt (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix
Sucking pest

Aphid & thrips

गुच्छा रोग / फल पर धब्बे

How to spot it: Aphids spread bunchy top virus (small, bunched-up leaves). Thrips leave rusty marks on the fruit skin.

★ Best medicine

Confidor (Bayer)

Imidacloprid 17.8% SL

4–5 ml

per 15 L tank

Uproot and destroy bunchy-top plants

Buy online / See price – Confidor (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Citrus / Kinnow: common problems & best medicine

2 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Insect / caterpillar

Leaf miner & citrus psylla

नई पत्तियों में टेढ़ी लकीरें

How to spot it: Silvery zig-zag lines inside young leaves, which curl. Psylla make new shoots dry.

★ Best medicine

Confidor (Bayer)

Imidacloprid 17.8% SL

4–5 ml

per 15 L tank

Spray when new leaves come out

Buy online / See price – Confidor (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix
Fungus / disease

Citrus canker

पत्तों व फलों पर खुरदरे धब्बे

How to spot it: Raised, corky brown spots with a yellow ring on leaves, twigs and fruits.

★ Best medicine

Blitox 50 (Rallis)

Copper oxychloride 50% WP

40–45 g

per 15 L tank

Prune and burn infected twigs first

Buy online / See price – Blitox 50 (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Pomegranate: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Insect / caterpillar

Fruit borer (anar butterfly)

फल में छेद / बदबू से सड़ना

How to spot it: Holes in young fruits; the fruit rots inside with a bad smell and drops.

★ Best medicine

Coragen (FMC)

Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC

5 ml

per 15 L tank

Also cover young fruits with paper bags

Buy online / See price – Coragen (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Guava: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Nematode (root worm)

Root-knot nematode (guava wilt & decline)

जड़ों में गाँठें / पेड़ सूखना

How to spot it: Leaves turn yellow, then red-bronze, and the tree dries branch by branch. Dig out a feeder root: it has knots (galls) like beads.

★ Best medicine

Bio-Nematon (T. Stanes)

Purpureocillium (Paecilomyces) lilacinum 1% WP – bio

75 g

per 15 L tank

Drench 2–3 L of this mix around the root zone of each tree

Also works: Velum Prime (Bayer, Fluopyram)

Also do this:

Plant marigold (genda) between the guava rows and around each tree – its roots kill nematodes. French marigold (Tagetes patula) works best; after flowering, dig the plants into the soil. Give each tree 1–2 kg neem cake mixed with 10 kg compost and 100 g Trichoderma every 3–4 months. Buy nematode-free nursery plants and do not carry soil from infected fields. Use Velum Prime only for a severe attack, exactly as its label says.

Buy online / See price – Bio-Nematon (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Papaya: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

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Sucking pest

Ring spot & leaf curl virus

पत्ते सिकुड़ना / फल पर छल्ले

How to spot it: Leaves become patchy and shrink; ring marks on fruits. There is no cure – control the aphids and whiteflies that spread it.

★ Best medicine

Confidor (Bayer)

Imidacloprid 17.8% SL

4–5 ml

per 15 L tank

Uproot and destroy virus-hit plants

Buy online / See price – Confidor (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix
Fungus / disease

Stem & foot rot

तना सड़ना / पौधा गिरना

How to spot it: Water-soaked rotting patch on the stem near the soil; leaves droop and the plant falls.

★ Best medicine

Ridomil Gold (Syngenta)

Metalaxyl-M 4% + Mancozeb 64% WG

30–40 g

per 15 L tank

Pour around the stem base; do not let water stand

Buy online / See price – Ridomil Gold (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Grapes: common problems & best medicine

2 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop
Fungus / disease

Downy mildew

पत्तों पर पीले तेलिया धब्बे

How to spot it: Yellow oily spots on top of the leaves with white growth underneath; bunches dry.

★ Best medicine

Melody Duo (Bayer)

Iprovalicarb 5.5% + Propineb 61.25% WP

30 g

per 15 L tank

Also works: Ridomil Gold (Syngenta)

Buy online / See price – Melody Duo (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix
Fungus / disease

Powdery mildew

पत्तों व दानों पर सफ़ेद पाउडर

How to spot it: White-grey powder on leaves and berries; berries crack and stay small.

★ Best medicine

Thiovit Jet (Syngenta)

Sulphur 80% WG

25–30 g

per 15 L tank

Do not spray sulphur above 35 °C

Also works: Contaf Plus (Rallis)

Buy online / See price – Thiovit Jet (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Apple: common problems & best medicine

2 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop
Fungus / disease

Apple scab

पत्तों व फलों पर काले धब्बे

How to spot it: Olive-black velvety spots on leaves and fruits; fruits crack and get misshapen.

★ Best medicine

Indofil M-45 (Indofil)

Mancozeb 75% WP

45 g

per 15 L tank

Follow your state horticulture spray schedule

Also works: Score (Syngenta)

Buy online / See price – Indofil M-45 (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Ashwagandha: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop
Fungus / disease

Seedling rot & wilt

जड़ सड़ना

How to spot it: Young plants rot at the soil line and fall over; older plants wilt and dry.

★ Best medicine

Biocure-F (T. Stanes)

Trichoderma viride 1% WP

75 g

per 15 L tank

Pour at the root of each plant; also mix 1 kg in 100 kg compost per acre

Buy online / See price – Biocure-F (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix
Sucking pest

Mites & aphids

पत्ते मुड़ना / पीले पड़ना

How to spot it: Leaves curl, turn pale and speckled; tiny insects under the leaves.

★ Best medicine

Nimbecidine (T. Stanes)

Neem oil (Azadirachtin 0.03% EC)

45–60 ml

per 15 L tank

Organic – safe for herbal buyers; spray in the evening

Buy online / See price – Nimbecidine (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Tulsi (Holy basil): common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop
Insect / caterpillar

Leaf roller & lace bug

पत्ते मुड़ना / जाली जैसे निशान

How to spot it: Leaves are rolled and eaten, or show pale net-like marks from lace bugs.

★ Best medicine

Nimbecidine (T. Stanes)

Neem oil (Azadirachtin 0.03% EC)

45–60 ml

per 15 L tank

Organic – safe for herbal buyers; spray in the evening

Also works: Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) spray

Buy online / See price – Nimbecidine (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Aloe vera: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop
Fungus / disease

Root & stem rot

पौधा पीला होकर गलना

How to spot it: Plants turn yellow and rot at the base, mostly where water stands.

★ Best medicine

Biocure-F (T. Stanes)

Trichoderma viride 1% WP

75 g

per 15 L tank

Pour at the root of each plant; also mix 1 kg in 100 kg compost per acre

Buy online / See price – Biocure-F (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix
Sucking pest

Mealybug & scale

पत्तों पर सफ़ेद रुई जैसे कीड़े

How to spot it: White cotton-like insects or small brown scales on the leaves.

★ Best medicine

Nimbecidine (T. Stanes)

Neem oil (Azadirachtin 0.03% EC)

45–60 ml

per 15 L tank

Organic – safe for herbal buyers; spray in the evening

Buy online / See price – Nimbecidine (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Isabgol (Psyllium): common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop
Fungus / disease

Downy mildew

पत्तों पर पीले धब्बे, नीचे सफ़ेद फफूंद

How to spot it: Pale yellow patches on top of the leaves with greyish growth underneath; spikes stay small.

★ Best medicine

Indofil M-45 (Indofil)

Mancozeb 75% WP

30–40 g

per 15 L tank

Stop spraying 15 days before harvest

Buy online / See price – Indofil M-45 (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix
Sucking pest

Aphid

चिपचिपे पौधे

How to spot it: Tiny green insects on the spikes and leaves; plants turn sticky.

★ Best medicine

Nimbecidine (T. Stanes)

Neem oil (Azadirachtin 0.03% EC)

45–60 ml

per 15 L tank

Organic – safe for herbal buyers; spray in the evening

Also works: Confidor (Bayer) for heavy attack

Buy online / See price – Nimbecidine (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Mint (Mentha): common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop
Insect / caterpillar

Hairy caterpillar & leaf roller

पत्ते खाना

How to spot it: Caterpillars eat the leaves, leaving only veins; leaves are rolled.

★ Best medicine

Nimbecidine (T. Stanes)

Neem oil (Azadirachtin 0.03% EC)

45–60 ml

per 15 L tank

Organic – safe for herbal buyers; spray in the evening

Also works: Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) spray

Buy online / See price – Nimbecidine (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix
Fungus / disease

Stolon & root rot

पौधे पीले होकर सूखना

How to spot it: Plants yellow and dry in patches; runners (stolons) turn black and rot.

★ Best medicine

Biocure-F (T. Stanes)

Trichoderma viride 1% WP

75 g

per 15 L tank

Pour at the root of each plant; also mix 1 kg in 100 kg compost per acre

Buy online / See price – Biocure-F (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Lemongrass: common problems & best medicine

2 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop

Stevia: common problems & best medicine

2 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop

Safed musli: common problems & best medicine

2 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop

Moringa (Drumstick): common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop
Insect / caterpillar

Hairy caterpillar

तने पर झुंड में सुंडियाँ

How to spot it: Groups of hairy caterpillars sit on the trunk by day and strip the leaves at night.

★ Best medicine

Nimbecidine (T. Stanes)

Neem oil (Azadirachtin 0.03% EC)

45–60 ml

per 15 L tank

Scrape off and destroy caterpillar groups on the trunk

Also works: Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) spray

Buy online / See price – Nimbecidine (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Amla (Indian gooseberry): common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop
Sucking pest

Mealybug & aphid

टहनियों पर सफ़ेद कीड़े

How to spot it: White cotton-like insects on new shoots and fruit stalks; shoots turn sticky and black.

★ Best medicine

Nimbecidine (T. Stanes)

Neem oil (Azadirachtin 0.03% EC)

45–60 ml

per 15 L tank

Organic – safe for herbal buyers; spray in the evening

Buy online / See price – Nimbecidine (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Arjuna: common problems & best medicine

3 problems · dose is for one 15-litre tank

Change crop
Insect / caterpillar

Leaf-eating caterpillars

पत्ते छलनी होना

How to spot it: Caterpillars eat the leaves, leaving holes or only the veins on young trees.

★ Best medicine

Nimbecidine (T. Stanes)

Neem oil (Azadirachtin 0.03% EC)

45–60 ml

per 15 L tank

Organic – safe for bark buyers; spray in the evening

Also works: Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) spray

Buy online / See price – Nimbecidine (opens in a new tab) Calculate spray mix

Problem not listed?

Send us a photo of the affected plant. We will tell you what it is and what to spray – free.

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Please note: These are common recommendations, not a diagnosis. Always read the label on the pack and follow its dose, wear gloves and a mask, and do not spray in strong wind. If you are not sure, ask your local Krishi Vigyan Kendra or agriculture officer.

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